Your Healthy Cat's Annual Exam:
Every cat should have an annual, comprehensive physical exam where the eyes, ears, teeth, heart, lymph nodes, skin,
and abdominal organs are evaluated. Since animals can not express their symptoms verbally, the annual physical is
a very important part of their care in order to detect problems early. This is the perfect opportunity to ask
questions about your pet's behavior. The doctors will not give any tests or vaccinations without your consent. If
your pet has been seen at previous vets, please contact them about faxing the old records to us at: (212) 665-3459.
Vaccinations:
Vaccinations provide critical protection against serious diseases.
. The life threatening illnesses for which effective feline vaccines
exist are: panleukopenia virus or "distemper"-which damages the
bone marrow and brain, feline leukemia virus- which cripples the immune
system, and rabies virus, which is fatal to cats and contagious to
humans. The standard combination vaccine, FVRCP, provides protection against
distemper as well as short-lived protection against the highly contagious
airborne respiratory viruses that cause eye infections, and disease
of the entire respiratory passages, from the nasal sinuses to the
lungs. We give this vaccine once every three years to adults, and as a series
of three boosters for kittens.
Although vaccines are essential for young cats to help
them develop their immunity, and in older cats to maintain the antibody
levels, the overuse of vaccines is now being questioned by concerned
veterinarians.
The doctors at Symphony Vet will only provide those
vaccines which your cats legitimately needs. For example, we do not
give the Feline Leukemia vaccine to indoor cats ever, since that
disease is not airborne or spread by casual contact. We do not carry
the FIP or Ringworm vaccines, since these innoculations are of very low
efficacy. Chlamydia & Bordetella feline vaccines exist against
upper respiratory infections, but these are not considered the "core
vaccines" usually given to indoor cats, and we do not carry them. There
is a new vaccine for FIV (feline AIDS) but it is controversial and the
virus is not a risk for indoor cats who are not in close contact with
FIV-infected cats. Rabies vaccination is required by law for all cats,
whether living indoors or outdoors, and we use only the most safe
vaccine for your cat. If any cat, should bite a human then the health
department is legally empowered to order that cat's euthanasia for
rabies testing, if the cat does not have a current rabies vaccine. An
owner may decline the rabies vaccine, but since it is required by law
we recommend it.
Vaccine side effects:
In general, routine booster vaccines cause few effects
other than transient tiredness. However,in the late 1980's, a
connection was explored between a rare but very serious tumor, called
fibrosarcoma, and the possibility the cancer was linked to certain
feline vaccines. Research is still ongoing, but the consensus is that
two vaccines were primarily implicated : feline leukemia, and the older
rabies vaccine. Reports vary from 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 400,000 patients
developing this tumor post vaccination, especially if multiple vaccines
were given in the same body site or on the same day. The biological
part of the vaccine was not found to be causative, but rather the
irritant chemical (the adjuvant) that is intentionally added to the
vaccine to stimulate an effective immune response. The FVRCP vaccine
and the new non-adjuvant Rabies and non-adjuvant Leukemia vaccines are
NOT associated with this rare cancer. In response to this discovery,
some vaccine manufacturers have developed much safer vaccines without
the adjuvant, which are not thought to cause the tumor. These new
non-adjuvant feline vaccines are the only type of cat vaccinations used
at Symphony Veterinary Center.
Although never proven, some veterinarians believe that
too many vaccines can also overstimulate the immune system in sensitive
patients, such as those with severe allergy or cancer. We therefore
only give the minimum necessary for your cat’s individual
circumstances.
Titers:
Some clients may have heard about titer tests instead of
vaccinations. The well-intentioned principle behind this notion is that
if an animal can be shown to have adequate protection against disease,
then a booster vaccine is not necessary. However, the only test for
immune protection, the antibody titer level, is not reliable as an
indication of protection since it only measures one component of the
complex immune response. The other main branch of the immune system
response, which is medicated by the white blood cells, can not be
measured. So a positive antibody titer indicates only probable
protection , and a negative antibody titer does not give any
information about the animal’s status. The major veterinary
testing lab, Antech, runs vaccine titers against Feline Panleukopenia
and Calici virus, but states that a positive titer test does NOT assure
protection against infection. If an owner requests that his or her pet
be antibody tested instead of vaccinated, we can run the tests (which
are more expensive than the vaccine), but even with a strong antibody
level, there is no guarantee that the animal is protected against these
viruses. Rabies titers are not accepted by legal authorities in lieu of
the vaccine, regardless of the titer level.
What we recommend:
For
indoor cats we recommend a FVRCP once every three years in adults, to protect
against the respiratory viruses (calcivirus and viral rhinotracheitis), and feline distemper, or
panleukopenia virus. These airborne viruses are not just mild colds, some cause
significant ocular lesions. A recent calicivirus epidemic occurred in
cats in the Northeast, and caused many unprotected cats to develop
serious disease and death. Panleukopenia causes infection of the brain
and severe birth defects to kittens born of an infected mother cat.
Kittens should receive this vaccine at 2,3 and 4 months of age, and
then one year later start booster vaccines of FVRCP.
Cats that spend time outdoors also receive a feline leukemia vaccine.
We discuss the rabies vaccine laws with our clients, and
most owners opt for this innoculation, particularly for cats that may
possibly scratch or bite, or spend any time outdoors.
Any concerns you may have about the suitability of
vaccinations for your cat’s individual situation should be
discussed with your doctor. The major value of the annual visit is in
the examination of your pet, as well as the discussion of any medical
issues, rather than just the shots. The physical exam is essential to
determine that there have been no developments, such as heart murmurs
or dental problems, weight changes or enlarged lymph nodes, that may
need attention. Since animals can not express their symptoms verbally,
the annual physical is a very important part of their care in order to
detect problems early.
Your Healthy Cat
May Also Need:
- Feline Leukemia and Feline AIDS
(FIV) Testing
These diseases cripple the immune
system. If your cat is an indoor/outdoor cat or was picked up as a
stray, we recommend this combination test. Because they are not
airborne, or spread by casual contact, we never give this test to
indoor cats. There is a new vaccine for FIV but it is
controversial because a vaccinated cat will always test positive
for the disease.
- Neutering/Spaying
- Dental Work
- Microchip
A microchip for identification is invaluable if
your pet is lost. If your cat is found and taken to a
shelter or veterinarian, the pet will be scanned to see if a microchip is
present, and if so, you can be located by the registered
telephone number, which can be changed at any time. Injecting
the microchip in subcutaneously is quick and most animals barely react.
- Bloodwork
Like any
living organism, your pet's health becomes progressively delicate
as it ages. If you bring an elderly pet to Symphony Vet we may
recommend doing a complete blood count (CBC), to evaluate the
composition of your pet's blood cells. This provides great insight
into the inner workings of your pet's immune system; often
revealing potentially fatal illnesses at a stages when they are
still unnoticeable, (and can be most effectively treated). A
chemistry panel is used to assess kidney and liver values,
electrolytes and blood proteins.
|